Factors Associated with Mental Health Illness among Construction Workers in Nakuru East Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajhs.v38i1.11

Abstract

Background: According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), mental health is a state of well-being enabling individuals to cope with daily life and contribute to society. In Nakuru Town East Sub-County, construction workers face unique mental health challenges due to short deadlines, long hours, financial stress, and stigma. This study explored the factors influencing their mental health.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 275 participants to determine the factors impacting the mental health of workers in construction sites. Data was collected using questionnaires and IBM SPSS Statistics version 28.0.1.0 was used for analysis.

Results: This study examined factors influencing mental health among construction workers in Nakuru East Sub-County. Findings revealed that 60.4% lacked safety training, and trained workers were 0.29 times less likely to report mental health issues (95% CI: 0.11–0.72). Awareness of mental health conditions was moderate (41.7%), with knowledgeable individuals being 0.64 times less likely to experience mental health problems (95% CI: 0.52–0.88). Stigma was prevalent, with 34.2% of participants holding negative views about mental health. Workers who experienced stigma, such as ridicule or discrimination, were 2.21 times more likely to face mental health issues (95% CI: 1.85–3.24). Only 32.9% were aware of mental health resources, which was associated with reduced risk (OR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.07–0.87). Additionally, 52.9% reported inadequate workplace support, which doubled the likelihood of mental health challenges (OR=2.08; 95% CI: 1.23–3.55). Short deadlines were reported by 68.8%, 67.5% lacked sufficient rest, 50.4% experienced job stress, and 29.2% were dissatisfied with their jobs.

Conclusion: The safety training and awareness of mental health conditions act as protective factors against mental health issues in the construction industry in Nakuru East Sub-County. However, the likelihood of mental health issues is increased by the existence of stigma around mental health, a lack of safety training and knowledge about the resources that are accessible.

Recommendation: Implementation of safety training, stigma-reduction campaigns, anti-stigma policies, anonymous assessments, and improved access to care through mobile clinics and workplace support systems should be enhanced. Structured workplace support systems and employee assistance programs will provide ongoing support. Further research will be necessary to assess the long-term impact and inform future policy development.